The short version of REV-ERB agonist fits in a sentence. The long version — which is the one that helps — is below.
This page was last updated on 2026-08-01 and is reviewed periodically as new material appears.
SR9009 is a synthetic small molecule studied as an agonist of REV-ERB nuclear receptors. REV-ERB alpha and REV-ERB beta help regulate circadian rhythms and metabolic gene expression. In laboratory research, SR9009 has been used to probe how these receptors affect skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. The compound was identified in academic drug-discovery work and is often described in scientific literature by its chemical name and research code. It is not an approved medicine, and human clinical data remain limited or absent.
SR9009 binds REV-ERB receptors and alters their repressive activity on target genes. This action can change transcription of genes involved in lipid handling, glucose metabolism, and mitochondrial function. In rodent studies, treated animals have shown changes in muscle oxidative capacity and exercise performance, though effects vary by dose, duration, and model. The precise molecular steps connecting receptor binding to whole-body outcomes are still an active area of investigation. Findings in animals do not automatically translate to humans.
Because REV-ERB receptors are core clock components, SR9009 has been examined for effects on daily rhythms as well as metabolism. Research has explored whether the compound can shift or reinforce circadian gene expression in tissues such as liver and muscle. Some studies report improved metabolic markers in obese or diabetic mice, while others show context-dependent responses. Questions remain about which effects are direct, which are secondary to timing, and how they might differ across species.
Research interest in SR9009 grew from studies showing improved running endurance in mice after short treatment periods. Those experiments linked the compound to increased mitochondrial content and fatty acid oxidation in muscle, but the findings come from animal models and specific dosing schedules. Independent replication has been limited, and the pathways connecting REV-ERB activation to exercise performance are still being mapped. Whether similar responses occur in humans is an open question.
SR9009 is often grouped with compounds studied for circadian and metabolic regulation rather than with classical anabolic steroids. Its interactions with nuclear receptors differ from those of androgen receptor ligands, and its proposed mechanisms involve transcriptional control rather than direct hormone signaling. Some sources classify it as a metabolic modulator because of observed effects on energy utilization. The distinction matters for regulation and for interpreting research results across different compound classes.
| Property | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical class | Synthetic REV-ERB agonist | Small-molecule nuclear receptor ligand |
| Appearance | Off-white to pale yellow solid | Typical for research-grade powder |
| Solubility class | Soluble in DMSO; low water solubility | Common stock solutions use organic solvent |
| Typical stock solvent | Dimethyl sulfoxide | Used for laboratory assays |
| Common analytical method | HPLC with UV or mass detection | Used for identity and purity checks |
Handling recommendations for SR9009 in a laboratory setting include storing the solid at low temperature, protected from light and moisture. The compound is often dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide or ethanol for experiments. Solutions should be prepared with appropriate personal protective equipment and disposed of according to local rules. Stability data for long-term storage are limited, so stock solutions are typically kept cold and used within defined periods. Records of preparation date and concentration support reproducibility.
SR9009 is not approved as a medicine by major regulatory agencies. It is commonly sold as a research chemical, a category that may fall outside customary drug approval and quality rules. In sports, the World Anti-Doping Agency lists SR9009 as a prohibited substance. Athletes who use it can face sanctions if it is detected in a sample. Legal status varies by country, and importation may be restricted. Enforcement practices differ across borders.
Detection of SR9009 in biological samples usually employs liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. This method can identify the parent compound and sometimes metabolites in urine or blood. Because exposure can be low and clearance may be rapid, sample timing and limits of detection matter. Laboratories validate assays for sensitivity and specificity. Results are interpreted alongside chain-of-custody and quality-control records. Urine is the common matrix for anti-doping analysis, while blood may be used in research settings.
Hexane () or n-hexane is an organic compound, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms and the molecular formula C6H14. Hexane is a colorless liquid, odorless when pure, and with a boiling point of approximately 69 °C (156 °F). It is widely used as a cheap, relatively safe, largely unreactive, and easily evaporated non-polar solvent, and modern gasoline blends contain about 3% hexane. The term hexanes refers to a mixture, composed largely (>60%) of n-hexane, with varying amounts of the isomeric compounds 2-methylpentane and 3-methylpentane, and possibly, smaller amounts of nonisomeric C5, C6, and C7 (cyclo)alkanes. These "hexanes" mixtures are cheaper than pure hexane, and are often used in large-scale operations that don't require a single isomer (e.g., as cleaning solvent or for chromatography).
Three designer NPs have been bioengineered, tested in cell-based assays and animal models of heart failure, undergone pharmaceutical toxicology studies, and have received FDA approval for clinical studies.
Politicians are usually targeted for three reasons: (1) Political figures who are honest pose a direct threat to organized crime, and are consequently killed by cartels; (2) Politicians make arrangements to protect a certain cartel and are killed by a rival cartel; and (3) A cartel kills politicians to heat the turf of the rival cartel that operates in the area.
Member of the State Committee on Vocational Education (1948–1951) Member of numerous committees for the foundation of new industries in postwar Greece (throughout the 1950s) First Vice-President of the National Hellenic Research Foundation (1958–1968), of which he was a key founder Minister of Industry in the Paraskevopoulos technocratic caretaker government (1963–1964) President of the Greek Atomic Energy Commission (1964–1965) The democratic ideals of Zervas made him a target of the military junta established in 1967, which removed him from his position in the University of Athens in 1968 after almost three decades of dedicated research and teaching. In response, the Academy of Athens of which Zervas had been a member since 1956 elected him as its president in 1970. After his term as President of the Academy, Zervas retired in 1971.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
=== Cough === Codeine is used to relieve coughing. Evidence does not support its use for acute cough suppression in children. In Europe, it is not recommended as a cough medicine for those under 12 years of age. Some tentative evidence shows it can reduce a chronic cough in adults.
In their model, it is assumed that the infected individuals can develop active TB by either direct progression (the disease develops immediately after infection) considered above as FAST tuberculosis or endogenous reactivation (the disease develops years after the infection) considered above as SLOW tuberculosis.
13 December – The 2025 New Zealand bravery awards are announced. 14 December: A large fire engulfs four hectares of gum trees and slash near a eucalyptus forest in Kerikeri. 20 firefighters, two helicopters and a digger are deployed. A large vegetation fire breaks out along State Highway 4 near Parikino in the Whanganui District. 400 Air New Zealand cabin crew affiliated with the E tū union call off a planned strike on 18 December after reaching an "in principle agreement" with their employer. 15 December: Armed police are deployed to guard several Jewish sites nationwide including Kadimah School in response to the 2025 Bondi Beach shooting, which occurred yesterday. Police recover the bodies of an Australian climber and a dual Canadian-New Zealand climber who went missing in Fiordland National Park over the weekend. A large vegetation fire breaks out near Waiinu Beach in South Taranaki, leading to the evacuation of local residents. 16 December: Justice Richard McIlraith of the Manukau District Court voids the results of the Papatoetoe subdivision of the Ōtara-Papatoetoe Local Board election during the 2025 Auckland Council election, citing significant electoral irregularities. The Otago Regional Council orders the Dunedin City Council to stop discharging wastewater into Surrey Street and the Caversham area by June 2027. The New Zealand Government reduces transport subsidies for elderly and disabled people from 75% to 65%. The New Zealand Government announces plans to create a new mega ministry called the Ministry for Cities, Environment, Regions and Transport (MCERT).
It requires the creation of a unified fare system for Chicago-area bus and train services, and has the authority to centrally plan capital projects, manage budgeting, plan regional transit, develop land it owns near stations, and generate revenue. It also has a mandate to promote transit-oriented development. Elected officials can no longer serve as board members under the bill, which some say impedes the functioning of transit boards.
The Liberal Party lacked a unified ideological base in 1906. It contained numerous contradictory and hostile factions, such as imperialists and supporters of the Boers; near-socialists and laissez-faire classical liberals; suffragettes and opponents of women's suffrage; antiwar elements and supporters of the military alliance with France. Nonconformists – Protestants outside the Anglican fold – were a powerful element, dedicated to opposing the established church in terms of education and taxation. However, the non-conformists were losing support amid society at large and played a lesser role in party affairs after 1900. The party, furthermore, also included Irish Catholics, and secularists from the labour movement. Many Conservatives (including Winston Churchill) had recently protested against high tariff moves by the Conservatives by switching to the anti-tariff Liberal camp, but it was unclear how many old Conservative traits they brought along, especially on military and naval issues. The middle-class business, professional and intellectual communities were generally strongholds, although some old aristocratic families played important roles as well. The working-class element was moving rapidly toward the newly emerging Labour Party. One uniting element was widespread agreement on the use of politics and Parliament as a device to upgrade and improve society and to reform politics. All Liberals were outraged when Conservatives used their majority in the House of Lords to block reform legislation.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
The counsel argued there were discrepancies in statements given by persons operating the plant at that time, but the central agency decided against a proper investigation in order to characterize the event as a mishap and not sabotage. He alleged that Verma was unhappy with Choudhary and Mukund.
=== Diagnostic markers === The activity and expression levels of aminopeptidases have been explored as diagnostic markers for diseases like liver disorders and cancer. Variations in these parameters can indicate pathological conditions, aiding in disease diagnosis and monitoring.
On 29 September P.W. Botha added a third objective to Operation Moduler: the destruction of all FAPLA units east of Cuito Cuanavale. The reasons for this shift in objectives once FAPLA had abandoned its offensive were not apparent to everybody in the South African government. Pik Botha and his senior colleagues in the foreign ministry cautioned against a major offensive north of the Lomba, citing potential diplomatic repercussions. But confidence in the SADF had been buoyed by its effective defence of the Lomba, and members of the South African general staff successfully agitated for a renewed offensive towards Cuito Cuanavale. It is unclear whether they interpreted their new objective as veiled permission to seize Cuito Cuanavale itself, although the option was discussed. Per Botha's new directive, the SADF commenced Operation Hooper with the goal of encircling the retreating Angolan brigades and preparing for operations further east of the Cuito River. The decision to commence Hooper towards the end of the 1987 calendar year created problems for the SADF, since a number of white conscripts involved in the Lomba River engagements were nearing the end of their national service. This led to a delay of several weeks while the existing troops were gradually withdrawn from Angola and replaced with a new intake. The SADF had dispatched a second mechanised battalion, 4 South African Infantry, to Angola, as well as a squadron of Olifant Mk1A tanks and a battery of G5 and G6 howitzers.
oxygen cascade The flow of oxygen from environmental sources (e.g. the air in the atmosphere) to the mitochondria of a cell, where oxygen atoms participate in biochemical reactions that result in the oxidation of energy-rich substrates such as carbohydrates in a process known as aerobic respiration.
=== Space physics === The study of space plasmas near Earth and throughout the Solar System is known as space physics. Researched areas within space physics encompass a wide range of topics, including the ionosphere,auroras, Earth's magnetosphere, the solar wind, and coronal mass ejections. MHD provides a framework for understanding how plasma populations interact within the local geospace environment. Researchers have developed global models using MHD to simulate phenomena within Earth's magnetosphere, such as the location of Earth's magnetopause (the boundary between Earth's magnetic field and the solar wind), the formation of the ring current, auroral electrojets, and geomagnetically induced currents. One prominent use of global MHD models is space weather forecasting. Intense solar storms have the potential to cause extensive damage to satellites and infrastructure; thus, it is crucial that such events be detected early. The Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) uses MHD models to predict the arrival and impacts of space weather events at Earth.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
SR9009 is a synthetic research compound that acts on REV-ERB nuclear receptors. It is not approved for human use and is sold only as a research chemical. Its effects have been studied mainly in cells and rodents.
It binds REV-ERB alpha and REV-ERB beta and changes the expression of genes tied to metabolism and circadian rhythm. These changes can affect mitochondria and energy use in animal models. The exact chain from receptor binding to physiological outcome is still being mapped.
No reliable human trials show that SR9009 improves athletic performance. Some rodent studies report endurance changes, but these results are not proof of human benefit. Its use in sport is prohibited, and quality and safety data are lacking.
It is a synthetic REV-ERB agonist used mainly in preclinical research. It is not an approved medicine for human use.